Solve √(x + 5) = x - 1 and identify any extraneous solution.
Answer
x = 4; x = -1 is extraneous
Reasoning Strategy
Require x ≥ 1, square to obtain x² - 3x - 4 = 0, then test both algebraic candidates in the original equation.
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Write the nonnegative right-side restriction before squaring so the rejected root is expected, not surprising.